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scale Indian-made AI solutions to the rest of the developing world. Overall, the strategy determines to
establish India as an “AI Garage” for emerging and developing economies.

NITI Aayog, the government think tank provides over 30 policy recommendations to invest in scientific
research, encourage reskilling and training, accelerate the adoption of AI across the value chain, and promote
ethics, privacy, and security in AI. Its flagship initiative is a two-tiered integrated strategy to boost research in
AI. First, new Centre of Research Excellence in AI (COREs) will focus on fundamental research. Second, the
COREs will act as technology feeders for the International Centre for Transformational AI (ICTAIs), which
will focus on creating AI-based applications in domains of societal importance.

About the problem of ethics, the report recommends setting up a consortium of Ethics Councils at each CORE
and ICTAI, developing sector specific guidelines on privacy, security, and ethics.

In the Union budget 2018, the Indian government allocated $480 million to fifth generation technology
startups like artificial intelligence, machine learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT), 3D printing and
blockchain, committed to the vision and mission of making ‘Digital India’ a reality.

11. The European Union
The European Union is a political and economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in
Europe and has the European Commission in Brussels as Executive and body of political initiative.

In April 2018, the European Commission has presented a Strategy Communication for AI in Europe, known
“The European AI Alliance.” In December, the European Commission will also publish a related action plan.

Ethics and legal regulation of AI is at the core of the European Union Strategy, and one key part of law
effectively regulation AI is the General Data Protection Regulation which applies whenever AI works with
personal data. It gives people far going rights to maintain control of their personal data, such as a right to
deletion, and far going information rights, such as a right to understand programmes such as AI which are
treating their personal data and how these programmes reach decisions, in case of automated decision making.
They also have the right under the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) to object to automated
decisions and require human intervention.

References:

Tim Dutton. An Overview of National AI Strategies. 2018 [https://medium.com/politics-ai/an-overview-of-
national-ai-strategies-2a70ec6edfd]

The European Commission. The European AI Alliance. 2018 [https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-
market/en/european-ai-alliance]

The Future of Life Institute. National and International AI Strategies. 2018 [https://futureoflife.org/national-
international-ai-strategies/?cn-reloaded=1]

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